Independent midwives in early twentieth century New South Wales: A biographical history

Abstract

ABSTRACT Background Histories of nursing and hospitals rarely focus on midwives nor reference the private hospitals established by these women. Aim The aim of this study was to explore primary source material, archival and library records and a range of digitised and paper material, and record the biographies, training, career details and family life of individual midwives who established or worked in private hospitals in rural New South Wales. Method Central to the article is a biographical method and feminist theory that conceptualises women as historical agents. The articles draw on microhistory to focus on individual lives but, at the same time, there is an acknowledgement of the wider, social and political dimensions of nursing and midwifery history. Discussion The midwives in this study were ordinary working-class and lower middle-class women seeking out work and life experience at a time when it was difficult for women in the public domain. All of these women established managed or shared in the work of a small hospital. They were energetic entrepreneurs pursuing a career, living independently and caring for the health of women and babies. Conclusion The work and midwifery practice of twentieth century midwives and their participation in their communities were a significant focal point for women’s reproductive care in country New South Wales. Their personal and professional lives provide a rich tapestry of stories about women’s lives and their professional careers.