Independent and joint effect of brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity and body mass index level on incident diabetes with hypertension

Abstract

Objective To investigate whether brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), independently and jointly with the level of body mass index (BMI), affect the risk of incident diabetes with hypertension. Methods The effects of baPWV and BMI level on incident diabetes with hypertension were evaluated using Kaplan-Meier curves (log-rank test) and multi logistical regression models after adjustment for various confounding factors. Results A total of 2 222 participants were recruited in this study. Higher baPWV (Q4) was associated with a greater risk of incident diabetes with hypertension simultaneously compared with baPWV in the lower quartiles (Q1-Q3), with HR 4.16 (95%CI 2.14, 8.09) in the crude model, 2.52 (95%CI 1.10, 5.78) in model Ⅰ, and 2.45 (95%CI 1.05, 5.70) in model Ⅱ.The highest risk of diabetes with hypertension simultaneously was in the group with high baPWV and BMI≥25 kg/m2, with HR 11.50 (95%CI 4.5, 29.9)in the crude model, 4.20 (95%CI 1.4, 13.1) in model Ⅰ, and 4.30 (95%CI 1.4, 13.3) in model Ⅱ. Conclusions The joint effect of baPWV and BMI level on incident diabetes with hypertension simultaneously is a better predictor than their independent effect. The risk of incident diabetes with hypertension markedly increases in the subjects with BMI≥25 kg/m2 and higher baPWV. (Chin J Endocrinol Metab, 2018, 34: 287-294) Key words: Diabetes with hypertension; Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity; Body mass index