Independent and Additive Effects of Coenzyme Q10 and Vitamin E on Cardiometabolic Outcomes and Visceral Adiposity in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Abstract

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in reproductive age women. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of CoQ10 and/or vitamin E on cardiometabolic outcomes in patients with PCOS. This randomized clinical trial was carried out among 86 women with PCOS. Patients were assigned to take CoQ10, vitamin E, CoQ10 plus vitamin E or placebo for 8weeks. Fasting blood samples were obtained at the beginning and end of the study. A significant decrease in serum triglycerides (TG) (p<0.001) was found following the administration of CoQ10 and/or vitamin E supplements compared with the placebo group. Supplementation with CoQ10 and vitamin E failed to affect total cholesterol levels. However, co-administration of CoQ10 and vitamin E resulted in a significant decrease in serum total cholesterol levels (9.92 [15.11, 4.74]). Additionally, only the combination of supplements was able to significantly reduce low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) (‒9.63 [‒15.34, ‒3.92]), increase high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) (2.33 [0.51, 4.16), reduce atherogenic coefficient (AC) (‒0.29 [‒0.43, ‒0.16], p=0.03) and decrease visceral adiposity index (VAI) values. Co-Q10 and vitamin E (alone or in combination) had significant effects on non-HDL-C (p=0.004), atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP) (p= <0.001) and lipid accumulation product (LAP) (p<0.001) and SBP (p=0.005). However, the reduction in DBP was statistically significant only for patients who received combined supplementations (p=0.04). In conclusion, CoQ10, vitamin E (alone or in combination) had beneficial effects on cardiometabolic outcomes among women with PCOS.