Abstract
Incubation time in amphibians can be mathematically partitioned into two other parameters as follows: Incubation time = rate of embryonic development⁻¹ X protraction of development. The latter parameter is important because it reflects the degree of development of the embryo at hatching. Protraction of development is defined as the ratio of incubation time to time taken to reach a neurula stage common to all amphibians, and it is directly correlated with Gosner stage at hatching in anurans (n = 30 species). This analysis assesses the influence of two covariates, ovum size and temperature, on the three parameters above for two orders of amphibians, anurans and caudates. The ANCOVA of 55 species in 17 families shows that incubation time scales to ovum $volume^{0.444} . e^{-0.121temp}$ (multiple R² = 0. 88), rate ofdevelopment scales to ovum $volume^{0.435} . e^{0.115temp}$ (multiple R² = 0.90), and protraction of development is not significantly related to either ovum volume or temperature. Ovum volume is i...
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