Increment of 30‐min post‐challenge plasma glucose is associated with urine albumin excretion in men with normal glucose regulation

Abstract

The overwhelming majority of subjects with normal glucose regulation have the highest plasma glucose concentration at 30 minutes during oral glucose tolerance. We aimed to examine the association between increment of 30-min post-challenge glucose and albuminuria in participants with normal glucose regulation. A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in six communities in Shanghai between 2007 and 2008. A total of 3508 subjects with normal glucose regulation had complete data and were enrolled into the analysis. Among the selected subjects, only 1525 individuals (581 men, 944 women) were examined for their serum insulin levels. We assessed post-challenge blood glucose and insulin at 0, 30 and 120 min, urinary albumin and creatinine. The 30-min post-challenge glucose increment (Δ) was calculated as 30-min post-challenge glucose minus fasting plasma glucose, and albumin/creatinine ratio was used to reflect urinary albumin excretion. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that the Δ30-min post-challenge glucose was independently associated with increased albumin/creatinine ratio in men with normal glucose regulation (OR = 1.08, P = 0.025), but not in women. Furthermore, multivariable linear regression analysis revealed that early-phase glucose disposition index was the main factor responsible for Δ30-min post-challenge glucose and explained 14-20% of the variance of Δ30-min post-challenge glucose in the two subgroups (P < 0.05). Notably, men had higher Δ30-min post-challenge glucose and lower early-phase glucose disposition index than women (all P < 0.001). The 30-min post-challenge plasma glucose increment is associated with urine albumin excretion in men with normal glucose regulation.