Abstract
The article presents the results of the electromagnetic activation of petroleum feed in the vortex layer apparatus. It is shown that under the electromagnetic influence, there is a significant increase in the proportion of straight-run gasoline fraction distillate, as well as a change in the physicochemical parameters of the light fractions obtained as a result of the cavitation effect and the low-temperature cracking. It has been established that the processes of wave action on oil occurring in the electromagnetic field zone lead to a change in the individual and group hydrocarbon composition of the distillates obtained. The gasoline fraction produced from activated petroleum, due to an increase in the proportion of aromatic compounds, has a high octane number compared to the original straight-run fraction and low content of alkenes, which allows us to recommend its use as a high-octane component of motor fuels in the compounding and production of commercial gasoline.
Highlights
An analysis of literary sources and publications in recent years has shown that the problem of low oil refining depths remains an acute problem at most Russian and Kazakhstan refineries
Increasing the depth of oil refining by reaching the maximum yield from the potential of light fractions used for the production of marketable petroleum products – motor, jet and diesel fuels is an important task among the solutions to many existing pressing problems in oil refining
It should be noted that on all the curves of the true boiling point, regardless of the time of electromagnetic treatment, there is an alternation of a sharp steepness, which smoothly turns into a milder dependence, which indicates a redistribution and a significant change in the fractional composition of the selected narrow 10-degree fractions in the entire range of selected gasoline distillates, the initial boiling point is 200 °C
Summary
An analysis of literary sources and publications in recent years has shown that the problem of low oil refining depths remains an acute problem at most Russian and Kazakhstan refineries. In the action programs of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the oil and the gas industry is seen as the most important industry designed to increase the country’s export potential, to help attract investment in the Kazakh economy and a positive impact to engage in related industries. Increasing the depth of oil refining by reaching the maximum yield from the potential of light fractions used for the production of marketable petroleum products – motor, jet and diesel fuels is an important task among the solutions to many existing pressing problems in oil refining. In order to achieve the maximum yield of light distillates, the conversion processes of in-depth processing of crude oil are traditionally introduced and applied. Catalytic cracking, catalytic reforming, hydrocracking, visbreaking, delayed coking, flexi- and fluid coking, din and donor-solvent cracking, as well as hydrogenation processes for refining of heavy oil residues in the presence of a hydrogen-containing became the most popular [4,5,6]
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