Increasing the Value of Collected Data and Reducing Energy Consumption by Using Network Coding and Mobile Sinks in Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

The Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) include a number of fixed sensor nodes so that each sink moves to collect data between nodes. It is necessary to determine the optimum route and residence location of mobile sinks to reduce energy consumption and increase the value of collected data, which causes increasing the lifetime of WSNs. Using Network Coding (NC), this paper presents a Mixed Integer Linear Programming Model to determine the multicast Sink Optimal Route (SOR) of Source Sensor Nodes (SSNs) to mobile sinks in WSNs which determines the time and location of sinks to collect maximum coded data and reduce the delay in sinks movement and energy consumption. Since solving this problem is not possible in polynomial time due to the multiple parameters and the limited resources of WSNs, therefore, several heuristic, greedy and fully distributed algorithms are proposed to determine the movement of sinks and their residence location based on maximizing the Value of Collected Coded Data (VCCD) and the type of data deadline. It is demonstrated, by simulation, that the optimal model and the use of NC and proposed algorithms, causes reducing the energy consumption and increasing the VCCD and network lifetime than non-NC methods.