Increasing the productivity of oil flax in the Central Non-Black Earth region

Abstract

Oil fl ax is a valuable oil crop with a wide range of applications, the raw materials of which are used in the food, technical, chemical, pharmaceutical industries and feed production. In terms of metabolism energy content, fl ax seed surpasses the grain of legumes, cereals and oilseeds. Due to the combination of high energy nutritional value and a large content of useful organic elements, fl ax has a unique biological value. In terms of amino acid composition, fl ax seed is similar to soy protein, but it contains less lysine than soy. Flaxseed presscake obtained during oil production is the most valuable among other types of presscake. Adding waste from fl ax seeds to presscake and meal for young livestock is a proven and good preventive measure that allows reducing the use of expensive synthetic drugs. The purpose of the research was to study the possibility of increasing the productivity of oil fl ax in the Central Non-Black Earth region. Under the conditions of the Central part of the Non-Chernozem zone, on sod-podzolic heavy loamy soils, in multifactorial field experiments, comprehensive studies were carried out on the effect of various techniques (previous crop, use of microfertilizers, level of mineral nutrition, chemical measures of weed control) included in the cultivation technology to obtain diff erent levels of the planned yield of oil flax. It was found that for agricultural production it is possible to recommend the use of winter wheat in crop rotation as a predecessor for oil fl ax, application of mineral fertilizer at the rate of N175P20K65, calculated to obtain the planned yield of 2.5 t/ha, treatment of crops with a mixture of herbicides Hacker, VRG, 80 g/ha + Gerbitox, VRK, 0.8 l/ha, microfertilizer Micropolidoc Plus at a dose of 0.5 l/ha in the “herringbone” phase when the fl ax plants are 8–10 cm tall.