Abstract
Abstract The article is devoted to solving the problem of ensuring high piezoactivity of composite piezoceramic transformers, in which the component parts are connected by soldering. The existing connection features have been analysed for the elements of composite piezoceramic transformers and the results have shown that during soldering the piezoceramic elements are exposed to thermal shock leading to depolarization of piezoceramics and deterioration of its piezoelectric properties. Diminution of temperature depolarizing effect is possible using low-temperature solders with a high tin content. However, in this case, the diffusion process of the electrode material of the piezoelectric element into the solder increases and the mechanical connection strength decreases. To eliminate these negative phenomena and solve the problem, a new method has been developed for connecting elements of composite piezoceramic transformers by soldering, where a polarizing voltage is applied to the composite piezoceramic transformer when heating and cooling, which prevents depolarization of the domain structure of piezoceramic elements. At the same time, high temperature ensures that polarization is carried out at lower values of the electric tension, and a more mobile domain structure after polarization has a lower level of coercive forces and, accordingly, a greater stability of parameters ov er time. Experimental verification has shown that the relative resonance gap increases by 6 % with a decrease in the dispersion of this value by 12 %, which indicates an increase in piezoactivity and stability of the characteristics of composite piezoceramic transformers manufactured using the solution above.
Highlights
In modern technology, piezoelectric ceramics and piezoelectric converters are widely used in the manufacturing of various electronic components and devices such as frequency-dependent components, micro-motion devices, sensors, etc. [1], [2]
Most devices use a unit being a mechanical connection of piezoceramic elements to each other, or piezoceramic elements to a metal plate [1], [2]
Considering the fact that the process of composite piezoceramic transformer” (CPT) soldering is associated with necessary heating of the piezoelectric element and the temperature has a depolarizing effect, increasing the mobility of the domain structure, it is proposed to combine the process of soldering and polarization
Summary
Piezoelectric ceramics and piezoelectric converters are widely used in the manufacturing of various electronic components and devices such as frequency-dependent components, micro-motion devices, sensors, etc. [1], [2]. Piezoactivity is one of the major parameters for piezoelements. As a result of such a connection, a rigid structure with new properties is formed that depends on the properties and dimensions of its constituent elements, as well as the technology of their connection. This design in various sources is called composite piezoelectric transformer [3]–[5], bimorph and trimorph elements [6]–[9] or the sandwich type [10], [11] (in the English language sources – piezoelectric sandwich transformers [12]–[15]). The authors consider the term “composite piezoceramic transformer” (CPT) to more accurately reflect the design features, and it will be used below
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