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Abstract
The object of research in this work was cast iron for machine-building parts, alloyed with Al. The possibility of improving the mechanical properties of cast iron by choosing the optimal Mn – Al combinations, depending on the carbon content in the cast iron, was determined. The study was carried out on the basis of available retrospective data of serial industrial melts by constructing the regression equation for the ultimate strength of cast iron in the three-factor space of the input variables C – Mn – Al. The optimization problem was solved by the ridge analysis method after reducing the dimension of the factor space by fixing the carbon content at three levels: C = 3 %, C = 3.3 %, and C = 3.6 %.
 It was found that the maximum values of the ultimate strength are achieved at the minimum level of carbon content (C = 3%) and are in the range of values close to 300 MPa. In this case, the Al content is in the range (2.4–2.6) %, and the Mn content is about 0.82 %. With an increase in the carbon content, there is a tendency to a decrease in the content of Mn and Al in the alloy, which is necessary to ensure the ultimate strength close to 300 MPa. The results of the ridge analysis of the response surface also showed that at the upper limit of the carbon content (C = 3.6%), it is not possible to reach the ultimate strength of 300 MPa in the existing range of Mn and Al variation.
 All solutions are verified for the following ranges of input variables C = (2.94–3.66) %, Mn = (0.5–1.1) %, Al = (1.7–2.9) %.
 Graphical-analytical descriptions of the optimal Mn – Al ratios are obtained, depending on the actual content of carbon in the alloy, which make it possible to purposefully select the optimal melting modes by controlling the tensile strength of the alloy
Highlights
Fierce competition in the market of metal products, in particular, products of metallurgical production and mechanical engineering, is the factor that stimulates the development of technological innovations in industrial production [1, 2]
The results of the ridge analysis of the response surface showed that at the upper limit of the carbon content (C = 3.6 %), it is not possible to reach the ultimate strength of 300 MPa in the existing range of Mn and Al variation
If the carbon content reaches the upper limit of 3.6 %, it is impossible to reach the ultimate strength of 300 MPa in the existing range of variation of Mn and Al
Summary
Fierce competition in the market of metal products, in particular, products of metallurgical production and mechanical engineering, is the factor that stimulates the development of technological innovations in industrial production [1, 2]. The solutions proposed in such studies are based on the creation of conditions under which a targeted formation of a microstructure occurs, which determines the mechanical properties of alloys [11,12,13] In this case, the creation of such conditions is based on theoretical and experimental data on the relationship between the chemical composition and properties, taking into account the specifics of the production in which such alloys are produced [14,15,16]. For reasons of economy of ferrosilicon, it is the second way that seems rational In this case, it is necessary to determine how the carbon content affects the position of the Mn–Al optima, which will make it possible to calculate the optimal amount of additives in the melt to obtain cast iron with maximum strength.
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