Abstract
Aims: The hypothesis of this research is that it is possible to increase the drip irrigation lateral line length by using a larger spacing between emittersat the beginningof the lateral lineand a smallerone after a certaindistance, which would allow for a higher pressure variationalong the lateral line under an acceptable value of distribution uniformity. Study Design: Non-pressurecompensating drip hose is widely utilized for vegetablesand orchards irrigation.Though there is a limitation, which is the lateral line length mustbe shortto maintain uniformity due to headloss and slope, any proceduretoincrease the lengthis appropriatebecause it representslow initial cost of the irrigation system. Place and Duration of Study:This study was conducted at the College of Agricultural Sciences of Sao Paulo State University in Botucatu, SP, during the year 2011. Methodology: To evaluate thishypothesis, anonlinear programming model (NLP) was developed.Theinput datawere:diameter, roughness coefficient, pressure variation,emitter operational pressure, relationship between emitter discharge and pressure. The output datawere:line length, discharge and length of the each section with different spacing b etween drippers, total discharge in the lateral line, multiple outlet adjustment coefficient, head losses, localized head loss, pressure variation, number ofemitters, spacing betweenemitters,discharge in each emitter, and discharge per linear meter. Research Article
Highlights
In drip irrigation systems water is applied directly in the root system region, with high efficiency, but this system has the disadvantage of possible emitters clogging and its installation cost is high [1]
The nonlinear programming model (NLP) model showed the best results since it generated a greater gain in the lateral line length, maintaining the uniformity and the flow variation under acceptable standards
NLP model showed the best results when compared with the conventional procedure, generating gain in the lateral line length, keeping the uniformity and flow variation under acceptable standards
Summary
In drip irrigation systems water is applied directly in the root system region, with high efficiency, but this system has the disadvantage of possible emitters clogging and its installation cost is high [1]. The emitters can be compensating or nonpressure compensating. The compensating drippers provide constant flow rate under pressure variations along the lateral line, allowing longer lengths but, they are more expensive. Using non-pressure compensating emitters, the flow rate decreases as the pressure is reduced, resulting in shorter lateral lines in order to obtain the desired uniformity. Non-pressure compensating drip hose is widely used for vegetables and orchards irrigation. The limitation of this emitter is that the lateral line length must be short to maintain uniformity due to head loss and slope
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