Increasing prevalence of gastroschis repairs in the United States: 1996-2003

Abstract

Purpose Local and state registries have shown recent increases in the prevalence of gastroschisis in the United States and abroad. The purpose of this study was to use a nationally representative database to identify national trends in the prevalence of gastroschisis repairs. Methods Records of infants undergoing gastroschisis repair were identified in the Nationwide Inpatient Sample from 1996 to 2003. Birth data were obtained from the National Center for Health Statistics and used to calculate the rate of procedures/live births stratified by US census region. Survey statistics were used to account for the sampling design of the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database. Results Between 1996 and 2003, a total of 9459 gastroschisis repairs were performed in the United States (3 procedures for every 10,000 births). A significant increase in the population-based rate of these procedures was observed in each census regions and nationwide. A twofold higher procedure rate was observed in 2003 than in 1996 (rate ratio, 2.0; 95% confidence interval, 1.1-2.9; P < .001). No significant change in unadjusted hospital mortality was observed regionally or nationally. Conclusions The population-based rate of gastroschisis repairs significantly increased regionally and nationwide between 1996 and 2003, paralleling recent trends described at the local and state level.