Increasing plasma antioxidant performance after lifestyle modification is impaired by the presence metabolic syndrome and its pro‐oxidant status

Abstract

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is often accompanied by pro‐oxidative processes and lifestyle modifications (LisM) as treatment can provide better antioxidant defense through exercise and diet. We aimed to elucidate influencing factors on plasma total antioxidant performance (TAP) in subjects with or without MetS. Sixty subjects were clinically enrolled in a LisM program with exercise and nutritional guidance. They were divided in two groups: with MetS (n=27) and without MetS (n=33). Both groups performed LisM protocol and clinical (with cardiorespiratory fitness, CRF), nutritional, anthropometrical and biochemical (with TAP and pro‐oxidative markers) assessments. Statistical significances were set at p<0.05. All the subjects responded to LisM reducing MetS prevalence, BMI, body fat and waist circumference (WC) and increasing healthy eating index, CRF and plasma reduced glutathione, HDL‐C and TAP (49.5±8.4 to 51.6±9.0%). Those with MetS showed no changes in TAP (46.5±7.9 to 47.1±7.5%) whereas those without MetS showed increased TAP (48.4±7.4 to 53.7±8.1%) after LisM. We observed that changes (Δ) in TAP in those with MetS were inversely and significantly related to changes in systolic BP (r=‐0.49), fasting blood glucose (r=‐0.48), WC (r=‐0.45), plasma oxidized glutathione (r=‐0.43) and malondialdehyde (r=‐0.39); however, in those without MetS, changes in TAP were directly and significantly related to changes in plasma reduced glutathione (r=0.46) and HDL‐C (r=0.38). We concluded that plasma antioxidant restoration after lifestyle modification is impaired by the presence of MetS components and their oxidative imbalance. Supported by CAPES and CNPq