INCREASING OF PRODUCTIVE CAPACITY OF LANDS AT THE EXPENSE OF IMPROVEMENT OF TECHNOLOGY AND EQUIPMENT FOR DISSOLUTION OF MINERAL SUBSTANCES IN BIOLOGICAL FERTILIZERS

Abstract

Solving the problem of the dissolution of mineral substances (in particular, lime) in biological fertilizers (bioreactor waste after production of biogas and biodiesel) and the use of these fertilizers in agriculture can increase the productivity of the main crops (wheat, rye, corn, oats, potato) in 2–3 times and therefore is an urgent task. The complete dissolution of lime in biological waste in a ratio of 1 to 3 in a closed container without the use of mixing or other means of intensification of the process, requires a significant expenses of time (about 3 weeks or 500 hours), does not satisfy agricultural enterprises. Under of using of heating of a mixture of lime with waste for intensification the dissolution, a lot of useful microorganisms die in it, which reduces the value of biological fertilizers based on it. Known equipment for mechanical dissolution: screw and drum mixers, vibration mixers, centrifuges - work with relatively small amounts of waste (up to 1 ton) and therefore do not provide the necessary productivity of the working process, while increasing the mass of the portion leads to a noticeable decrease in the dissolution efficiency. In the work, a scheme of a special installation for dissolving mineral substances in biological fertilizers is developed, which will provide a combined static and dynamic load of a portion of fertilizers with its additional heating, which will increase productivity and reduce the energy intensity of the work process. The equations of motion of the executive element and the dependencies to determine the main operating parameters of the installation are obtained. On the basis of their a mathematical model and design calculation method can be developed.