Abstract
The aim is to study how presowing usage of biologies Mycofriend, Mikovital and Florobacillin influences on biometric indicators of maize, its productivity and soil moisture holding capacity. Using mycorrhizal fungi and nitrogen-fixing bacteria, we have received positive results about their influence on plant growth and development and maize yield forming. Leaf surface area in variants with fungiTrichoderma harzianumRifai(Mycofriend bio-based product), andTuber melanosporumVittad(Mikovital bio-based product) and bacteriaBacillus subtilisCohn. (Florobacillin bio-based product) was counted on 30th, 60th, 90th and 120th days of vegetation and was estimated by 11.2–90.0% higher compared to the control. Leaf mass and root system mass exceeded control indicators by 24.0–48.9%, respectively. Plants height in these accounted periods was higher by 4.0–31.5% compared to the control. In addition, in these variants, soil moisture holding capacity increased by 7.3–38.1%, share of soil lumps smaller than 0.25 mm decreased by 2.8–7.2%. Grain yield of Maize in variants with mycorrhizal fungi and nitrogen-fixing bacteria was 1.64–2.68 t/ha higher than in the control. It should be noted that presowing usage of fungusTrichoderma harzianumRifaion plants seeds, provides better efficiency on plants’ growth and development and their productivity.
Highlights
Biological and agricultural researches dedicated to improving stability of agricultural production and reducing its losses have become important over recent years [1, 2]
Obtained data for 2017–2019 years show that mycorrhizal fungi and nitrogen-fixing bacteria in symbiosis with root system of maize plants provide increase of all indicators that were studied compared to the control
Presowing usage of biologies Mycofriend, Mikovital and Florobacillin on maize seeds contributes to enhancement of such bioenergy indicates of growth and development as root and leaves mass, plant’s height and leaf surface area by 4,0-112,0% compared to control
Summary
Biological and agricultural researches dedicated to improving stability of agricultural production and reducing its losses have become important over recent years [1, 2]. Drought stress and insufficient soil aeration induce water content decrease in plant tissues, which leads to slowing down or stopping their growth, browning, drying and leaf fall. Soil moisture has a significant effect on roots activity for water absorption. Fungi of arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM), which have a multifunctional effect on plants, facilitate growth of root system’s absorptive capacity, which increases intensity of nutrient absorption and reduces negative effects of drought and soil salinity [7]. This is because water is an indispensable resource and condition for plants’ existence. Kavalevska et al [11] claim that this will allow plants to improve moisture supply
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