Abstract
A new Tedania species (Porifera) was collect using remotely operated vehicles during the Canadian mission HUD2010-029 and the British RRS Discovery Cruise DY081, on the Orphan Seamount near the Orphan Knoll, northwest Atlantic, between 2999.88 and 3450.4 m depth. Orphan Knoll is an isolated, drowned continental fragment 550 km northeast Newfoundland in the Labrador Sea. This region is biologically rich and complex and in 2007, the regional fisheries management organization operating in the area regulated that no vessel shall engage in bottom-contact fishing activities until reviewed in 2020 with a review slated at the end of this year. Members of the genus Tedania are uncommon in the temperate northern hemisphere with only six species known previously: Tedania (Tedania) anhelans; Tedania (Tedania) pilarriosae; Tedania (Tedania) suctoria; Tedania (Tedania) urgorrii; Tedania (Tedaniopsis) gurjanovae; and Tedania (Tedaniopsis) phacellina. The particular features of the new sponge we describe are the very peculiar external morphology which is tree-like with dichotomous branching—a morphology not previously described in this subgenus; and the combination of spicules found: long styles, the typical tornotes of the subgenus and two sizes of onychaetes. Additional information is provided on other species of Tedaniopsis described from the Atlantic Ocean. Based on the characteristics reported, we propose a new species, Tedania (Tedaniopsis) rappi sp. nov. in honor of Prof. Hans Tore Rapp (1972–2020), University of Bergen, Norway, a renowned sponge taxonomist and coordinator of the Horizon 2020 SponGES project. The holotype of T. (T.) phacellinaTopsent, 1912 from the Azores, the only other northern Atlantic species in the subgenus Tedaniopsis, was reviewed for comparison.
Highlights
Orphan Knoll is an isolated, drowned continental fragment 550 km northeast of Newfoundland in the Labrador Sea (NW Atlantic) (Meredyk et al, 2020)
In this study we analyzed a new species of the Tedaniopsis subgenus collected in Orphan Seamount and re-examined Tedania (Tedaniopsis) phacellina Topsent, 1912 from Azores for comparison
The genus Tedania contain 83 species (Van Soest et al, 2021), 60 of them are included in the Tedania subgenus, 21 in Tedaniopsis, 1 in Stylotedania and one more without a description—Tedania rubra Von Lendenfeld, 1888 synonymized with Tedania anhelans by Hooper and Wiedenmayer (1994) but it remains incertae sedis as the description of Lendenfeld is inadequate
Summary
Orphan Knoll is an isolated, drowned continental fragment 550 km northeast of Newfoundland in the Labrador Sea (NW Atlantic) (Meredyk et al, 2020). The top of Orphan Knoll stands at 1,800–2,000 m and is marked by a series of protruding mounds at depths of between 1,800 and 2,300 m. The Orphan Seamount is located 9 km northeast of the southern-most extension of Orphan Knoll and is a volcanic seamount (Meredyk, 2017). New Species Tedaniopsis (Orphan Seamount) mid-depth waters above Orphan Knoll are in a boundary region between outflow from the Labrador Sea (subpolar gyre) and northward flow of the North Atlantic Current (subtropical gyre). The Orphan Basin-Orphan Knoll region is biologically rich and complex (Wudrick et al, 2020), and strongly influenced by local processes and advection
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