Abstract
Morning blood pressure surge (MBPS) had been known to be associated with hypertensive target organ injury and vascular events. Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is also known to be related with underlying cardiovascular risk factors. This study investigated the effect of MBPS on patients with RVO. In total, 76 patients with RVO who had undergone systemic cardiovascular examination including a 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, carotid artery intima media thickness, and pulse wave velocity were evaluated between January 2015 and February 2019. The MBPS was calculated as follows: mean systolic blood pressure measured over two hours after awakening minus mean systolic blood pressure measured during the one hour that included the lowest sleep blood pressure. Macular edema was significantly more prevalent in the MBPS group compared with the non-MBPS group. After adjusting for confounding factors, multivariate regression analyses revealed that MBPS independently predicted macular edema in patients with RVO [Odds ratio 4.75, 95% confidence interval 1.136–16.6, p = 0.015]. In conclusion, evaluating blood pressure patterns, especially MBPS, using 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring may be useful for assessing and predicting ophthalmologic outcome and may facilitate better blood pressure control in patients with RVO.
Highlights
Morning blood pressure surge (MBPS) had been known to be associated with hypertensive target organ injury and vascular events
Among 123 patients who had been diagnosed with Retinal vein occlusion (RVO), 76 patients who were eligible and underwent 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) were included in the analysis
Using the cut-off points, both MBPSs were dichotomized to binary variables and the baseline characteristics of patients according to the binary sleep-trough MBPS were presented in Supplementary Table S1
Summary
Morning blood pressure surge (MBPS) had been known to be associated with hypertensive target organ injury and vascular events. Macular edema is the swelling or thickening of the macula due to leakage of fluid and blood components from blood vessels and is a major cause of RVO-associated blindness, angiogenesis, and retinal detachment. It is associated with poor ophthalmologic outcomes[5]. Nocturnal blood pressure (BP) rise and morning BP surge (MBPS) have been known to be associated with an increased risk of target-organ damage and cardiovascular events[8,9,10,11,12]. We evaluated the effect of morning blood pressure surge on patients with RVO
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