Abstract
Diseases caused by plant pathogens pose significant challenges to crop yield and quality, thus incurring a serious constraint on the global food supply. Genome editing using the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas (CRISPR-associated nuclease) system has revolutionized the field of biology and biotechnology. New technologies derived from CRISPR-Cas enable crop genetic improvement for plant disease resistance and the development of tools for the early detection of pathogens. This review discusses canonical and advanced genome editing tools available for understanding host–pathogen interaction and developing host resistance. We categorically cite examples of the use of genome editing technology in developing disease-resistant crops. CRISPR-Cas9 tools have enabled us to apply novel strategies to confer resistance against several plant pathogens like bacteria, viruses, fungi, and nematodes. CRISPR diagnostic methods have been developed by leveraging the CRISPR-Cas system’s precise ability to bind and cleave nucleic acids. We have also discussed the different CRISPR-diagnostic methods developed for precise and fast plant disease detection.
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