Abstract

Mineral carbonation, involving reactions of alkaline earth oxides with CO2, has received great attention, as a potential carbon dioxide sequestration technology. Indeed, once converted into mineral carbonate, CO2 can be permanently stored in an inert phase. Several studies have been focalized to the utilization of industrial waste as a feedstock and the reuse of some by-products as possible materials for the carbonation reactions. In this work municipal solid waste incineration fly ash and other ashes, as bottom ash, coal fly ash, flue gas desulphurization residues, and silica fume, are stabilized by low-cost technologies. In this context, the CO2 is used as a raw material to favor the chemical stabilization of the wastes, by taking advantage of the pH reduction. Four different stabilization treatments at room temperature are performed and the carbonation reaction evaluated for three months. The crystalline calcium carbonate phase was quantified by the Rietveld analysis of X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns. Results highlight that the proposed stabilization strategy promotes CO2 sequestration, with the formation of different calcium carbonate phases, depending on the wastes. This new sustainable and promising technology can be an alternative to more onerous mineral carbonation processes for the carbon dioxide sequestration.

Highlights

  • Global carbon dioxide (CO2 ) emissions have continued to increase worldwide in the last decades, mainly due to the fossil fuels combustion [1]

  • This study demonstrates that chemical stabilization of municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) FA using low-cost technology has the additional benefits to promote carbon dioxide sequestration

  • The present study reports an experimental analysis of the potential application of a chemical stabilization technology, based on the use of wastes and by-products containing amorphous silica, to obtain carbon dioxide sequestration

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Summary

Introduction

Global carbon dioxide (CO2 ) emissions have continued to increase worldwide in the last decades, mainly due to the fossil fuels combustion [1]. Atmospheric CO2 concentration was above 400 ppm in 2016 and increased to 406.42 ppm in February 2017 [2]. Because of the fossil fuels abundance, industries are expected to shift to more sustainable fuel sources in several years. For this reason it is mandatory to experiment ways to reduce concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere [3]. Several methods for CO2 reduction (capturing and storing) have been proposed, including physical and chemical sequestration methods such as storage in geological formations, oceans, below the sea bed,; and mineral carbonation [4]. The mineral CO2 sequestration is today considered one of the promising method for reducing

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