Increased risk of thyroid disease in patients with Sjogren's syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Xin Sun,Li Lu,Yang Wang,Yanbin Li,Rong Yang,Ling Shan

doi:10.7717/peerj.6737

Abstract

BackgroundSjogren’s syndrome (SS) is a chronic autoimmune epithelitis characterized by disruption of epithelial cells, ensuing lymphoplasmocytic infiltration of exocrine glands, and subsequent dryness of the mouth and eyes. Individuals with SS are more likely to have the thyroid disease. However, this association remains controversial. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the risk of thyroid disease in patients with SS.MethodsWe performed this systematic review by searching both English and Chinese literature databases. Random- or fixed-effects models were used to summarize the association between thyroid disease and SS. The results were subjected to meta-analysis with odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsThe eight articles in this meta-analysis included 988 SS cases and 2,884 controls. Overall, the risk of thyroid disease in patients with SS was significantly increased compared with controls (OR, 3.29; 95% CI [2.08–5.21]). The risk of autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) and non-AITD were also higher in patients with SS than in controls (OR, 3.48; 95% CI [1.59–7.63]; and OR, 2.90; 95% CI [1.51–5.57], respectively).ConclusionsTo the best of our knowledge, this systematic review is the first to demonstrate that the risk of thyroid disease was increased in SS compared to controls, suggesting that SS patients should be screened for thyroid disease.

Highlights

Sjogren’s syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disease involving the exocrine glands
Based on the newcastle-ottawa scale (NOS), the quality of the research contained in this meta-analysis is acceptable; we did not exclude any articles
This systematic review is the first to estimate the risk of thyroid disease in SS patients

Summary

Introduction

Sjogren’s syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disease involving the exocrine glands. Its typical clinical manifestations are persistent dry mouth and eyes. Individuals with SS are more likely to have the thyroid disease This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the risk of thyroid disease in patients with SS. The risk of thyroid disease in patients with SS was significantly increased compared with controls (OR, 3.29; 95% CI [2.08–5.21]). The risk of autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) and non-AITD were higher in patients with SS than in controls (OR, 3.48; 95% CI [1.59–7.63]; and OR, 2.90; 95% CI [1.51–5.57], respectively). Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, this systematic review is the first to demonstrate that the risk of thyroid disease was increased in SS compared to controls, suggesting that SS patients should be screened for thyroid disease

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