Abstract
Objective: To investigate the prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and its comorbidities in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD). Population: In this cohort study, patients newly diagnosed as having Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) or Grave disease (GD) were recruited into the AITD group. Method: The logistic regression model was used to investigate the association between exposure, endpoint, later diseases and treatment. Main Outcome Measures: We assessed the cumulative incidence using the Kaplan–Meier method and verified the difference by the log-rank test. Results: The AITD group included 3599 GD patients and 1332 HT patients. PCOS risk in patients with AITD was higher than that in the control group (adjusted hazard ratio = 1.39; 95% confidence interval = 1.07–1.71). In patients with both AITD and PCOS, the odds ratios of diabetes, hyperlipidemia and coronary artery disease were 2.48, 2.05 and 2.63, respectively. Conclusions: The risks of PCOS and its comorbidities such as diabetes, dyslipidemia and cardiac artery disease are high in patients with AITD in Taiwan.
Highlights
Autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) is one of the most prevalent autoimmune diseases in the general population [1,2]
Grave disease (GD) may be caused by generating a B-cell immune response to the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor antibody, causing thyroid follicular cell hyperplasia and hyperthyroidism
Diabetes and hyperlipidemia prevalence was higher in the AITD group than in the non-AITD group (p < 0.001)
Summary
Autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) is one of the most prevalent autoimmune diseases in the general population [1,2]. AITDs, including Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) and Grave disease (GD), affect 10–20% of all women. AITD may occur due to the generation of thyroid autoantibodies with an abnormal thyroid hormone production as well as T- and B-cell infiltration into the thyroid gland [3]. HT may be triggered by a T-cell-mediated immune response, resulting in thyroid destruction and causing overt hypothyroidism [4]. Both environmental and genetic factors may be involved in AITD etiology
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