Increased risk of open-angle glaucoma among patients with diabetes mellitus: a 10-year follow-up nationwide cohort study.

Abstract

To evaluate the risk of open-angle glaucoma among patients with diabetes. This retrospective propensity score-matched cohort study included patients with diabetes and a matched comparison group from the Korean National Health Insurance Service National Health Screening Cohort, which includes approximately 500000 adults aged ≥40years. Nondiabetes group was matched to diabetes group in a 1:1 ratio using a propensity score based on age, sex, comorbidities, antihypertensive medication use and medical care visits. Each group was followed from January 1, 2004 to either the date of developing open-angle glaucoma or the date of last follow-up in 2013. Incidence of open-angle glaucoma was 20.0/10000 person-years in diabetes group (n=58358) and 17.0/10000 person-years in nondiabetes group (n=58358). Age- and sex- adjusted hazard ratio (HR) was 1.19 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09-1.30). In the subgroup analyses, diabetes was associated with an increased risk of open-angle glaucoma in both younger and older age groups (HR=1.20 for those aged 40-59years and HR=1.18 for those aged 60-79years) and in both sexes (men, HR=1.13; women, HR=1.27). Patients diagnosed with diabetes were more likely to develop open-angle glaucoma compared with patients without diabetes.