Abstract
The aim of the present study was to estimate the risk of dementia in patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), using a population cohort. Data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort for the population ≥60 years of age from 2002 to 2013 were collected. A total of 11,432 individuals with dementia were matched for age, sex, income, region of residence, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia with 45,728 individuals comprising the control group. The crude (simple) and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of dementia in BPPV patients were analyzed using non-conditional logistic regression analyses. Subgroup analyses were conducted according to age and sex. A history of BPPV characterized 5.3% (609/11,432) of the dementia group and 2.6% (1,194/45,728) of the control group (p < 0.001). The adjusted OR of dementia for BPPV was 1.14 (95% CI = 1.03–1.26, p = 0.009). In subgroup analyses according to age and sex, males had higher ORs of dementia for BPPV. BPPV increases the risk of dementia in the 60 years of age or older population.
Highlights
Across-sectional study reported that patients with cognitive impairment, such as mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s dementia, show a high risk of vestibular dysfunction [1]
We investigated the association between benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) and dementia in an older Korean population extracted from a national sample cohort
This study extended previous research in the field; we investigated a history of BPPV as an independent risk factor in patients aged ≥60 years diagnosed with dementia
Summary
Across-sectional study reported that patients with cognitive impairment, such as mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s dementia, show a high risk of vestibular dysfunction [1]. The vestibular system is known to affect cognitive functions, such as visuospatial ability, memory, and attention [2,3]. In a cross-sectional study that included 308 adults with neurodegenerative disorders, the authors observed that attentional and visuospatial cognitive abilities were correlated with increased dizziness [2]. The prevalence of hippocampal atrophy was higher in patients with chronic bilateral vestibular dysfunction than in controls [4]. The authors hypothesized that optimal vestibular function is essential to maintain the phylogenetically ancient hippocampal function, such as spatial aspects of memory processing for navigation [5]. It is reasonable to conclude that vestibular disorders may be associated with dementia
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