Abstract
Carotid artery stenosis is a narrowing or constriction of any part of the carotid arteries, usually caused by atherosclerosis. However, no studies have specifically evaluated the association between carotid atherosclerosis (CA) and chronic periodontitis (CP). This study was to investigate the role of CP in increasing the subsequent risk of CA in the overall Taiwanese population. We carried out this retrospective cohort study, employing data derived from the National Health Insurance Research Database. A total of 72,630 patients who were newly diagnosed with CP from 2001 to 2012 were selected. For a propensity-matched control group, 72,630 healthy patients without CP were picked at random, matched according to age, sex, and index year from the general population. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis, which included sex, age, and comorbidities, was adopted to assess the hazard ratio (HR) of CA between the CP cohort and non-CP cohort. The average ages of the CP and non-CP groups were 44.02 ± 14.63 years and 44.15 ± 14.41 years, respectively. The follow up durations were 8.65 and 8.59 years for CP and non-CP groups, respectively. The results demonstrated that 305 and 284 patients with newly diagnosed CA were found in the CP cohort and non-CP cohort, respectively. There was no significant difference of developing CA in the CP cohort compared with the non-CP cohort (adjusted HR) 1.01, 95% confidence interval (CI, 0.86–1.19). However, multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that the male group had significantly higher incidence risk of CA (log rank p = 0.046). In conclusion, this nationwide retrospective cohort study indicated that male patients with CP exhibited a significantly higher risk of CA than those without CP.
Highlights
Chronic periodontitis (CP) is a chronic infectious inflammatory disease destroying the periodontium, which may lead to tooth loss [1]
The results demonstrated that 305 and 284 patients with newly diagnosed carotid atherosclerosis (CA) were found in the CP cohort and non-CP cohort, respectively
This nationwide retrospective cohort study indicated that male patients with CP exhibited a significantly higher risk of CA than those without CP
Summary
Chronic periodontitis (CP) is a chronic infectious inflammatory disease destroying the periodontium, which may lead to tooth loss [1]. The pathogenesis of CP involves the inflammatory and immunological processes’ response elicited by periodontal pathogens. A growing body of scientific evidence suggests an association between CP and some systemic diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases [2,3], diabetes [4], and respiratory diseases [5]. Because periodontitis may be at a higher risk for many other systemic conditions, good periodontal health is an important component of general health. Carotid artery stenosis is a narrowing of the large arteries located on each side of the neck that carry blood to the head, face and brain. The carotid artery forks into the internal carotid artery and the
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