Abstract
Cesarean delivery is increasingly implicated in the development of childhood allergies.1-3 In newborns, cesarean delivery prevents colonization by maternal vaginal and intestinal flora and is associated with mucosal dysbiosis.4 Mucosal dysbiosis is thought to impair immune tolerance and facilitate allergic sensitization.4,5 However, recent data suggesting that operative vaginal delivery is also associated with asthma and allergy challenge this hypothesis.2,6 Operative vaginal delivery does not cause mucosal dysbiosis given that fetuses born with forceps or vacuum instrumentation pass through the vagina and are colonized by maternal flora.
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