Increased rate of salivary epidermal growth factor secretion in patients with juvenile periodontitis

Abstract

We compared salivary epidermal growth factor (EGF) concentrations in patients with juvenile periodontitis (JP) and periodontally healthy controls. In initial screening of 45 JP patients and a group of healthy controls, significantly higher salivary EGF concentrations were measured in the JP patients. Subsequently, 17 JP patients who had high EGF concentrations in some of their salivary samples were chosen, and a group of age- and sex-matched controls was selected. We then examined their EGF concentrations and EGF secretion rates under standardized conditions in stimulated and unstimulated saliva and studied the expression of EGF receptor (EGF-R) in their gingival tissues. The results showed that the mean EGF concentration (pmol/ml) was slightly higher in JP patients than in controls. However, the difference was statistically significant only in stimulated saliva and when calculated per milligram salivary protein. When EGF release was measured as the rate of EGF secretion (pg/min), significantly higher values were observed in JP patients than in controls both in unstimulated and stimulated saliva. Immunofluorescence microscopy (IF) of gingival samples from JP patients and their controls revealed no quantitative or qualitative differences in the expression of EGF-R. Our results demonstrate the complex nature of salivary EGF release. The elevated rate of salivary EGF secretion in JP patients may be associated with the pathogenetic mechanisms of juvenile periodontitis.