Increased noise severity limits potentiation of noise induced hearing loss by carbon monoxide

Abstract

This study evaluates the influence of noise intensity and duration on auditory dysfunction due to simultaneous exposure to noise and carbon monoxide (CO). Previous studies have demonstrated that CO potentiates noise induced hearing loss (NIHL). It is not known whether auditory dysfunction due to combined exposure parallels impairment due to noise alone. Based on the 5 dB exchange rate between noise intensity and exposure doubling time, equivalent noise exposure conditions were used. Long Evans hooded rats were divided into groups that received noise alone (95, 100 and 105 dB SPL), and noise plus CO (1200 ppm), for durations of 4, 2 and 1 h, respectively. Controls were exposed to air or CO alone. Thresholds were evaluated 4 weeks later using an electrophysiological endpoint, the compound action potential threshold. Results demonstrate that the 5 dB exchange rate is not conserved under the conditions and subjects used. Moreover, dysfunction due to combined exposure did not parallel dysfunction due to noise alone. Further, although an increase in exposure duration results in increased auditory dysfunction, no further potentiation of NIHL by CO is observed. This suggests that at increasing noise severity, dysfunction due to combined exposure is limited by impairment due to noise alone.