Increased neutrophil lymphocyte ratio and platelet lymphocyte ratio in malignant parotid tumors

İhsan Kuzucu,İsmail Güler,Rauf Oğuzhan Kum,Deniz Baklacı,Müge Özcan

doi:10.1016/j.bjorl.2019.02.009

İhsan Kuzucu, İsmail Güler + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjorl.2019.02.009

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Abstract

IntroductionRecently it has been reported that a high preoperative neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio and platelet–lymphocyte ratio may be related to increased recurrence risk, tumor aggressiveness, and worsened prognosis in various malignancies. ObjectiveThe objective of this research is to explore whether neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio and platelet–lymphocyte ratio in parotid tumors may or may not be used as a cancer marker. MethodsThis retrospective research has been conducted on a total of 228 patients consisting of 83 healthy persons and 145 patients with a mass in the parotid gland, who applied to a tertiary referral center and underwent surgery. Patients have been divided into two groups by their histopathological findings as malignant or benign parotid tumor. A third group consisting of healthy people has been defined as the control group. Also the malignant parotid tumor group has been divided into two subgroups as early stage and advanced stage. The groups have been compared in terms of neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio, platelet–lymphocyte ratio and other laboratory data. ResultsThe average neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio values of malignant parotid tumor, benign parotid tumor, healthy control groups were 2.51, 2.01, 1.79 respectively and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.001). There was no significant difference between advanced stage and early stage parotid tumor groups in terms of average neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio value (p=0.782). In dual comparisons, the platelet–lymphocyte ratio value of patients in the malignant group was found out to be statistically significantly higher than that of benign and control groups (p<0.001 and p=0.001 respectively). ConclusionTo the best of our knowledge our research is the first in the medical literature comparing neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio and platelet–lymphocyte ratio in patients with parotid tumor. neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio and platelet–lymphocyte ratio can serve as cost-effective, repeatable, easily accessible, and helpful inflammatory markers in order to distinguish patients with malignant parotid tumor from healthy people.

Highlights

It has been reported that a high preoperative neutrophil---lymphocyte ratio and platelet---lymphocyte ratio may be related to increased recurrence risk, tumor aggressiveness, and worsened prognosis in various malignancies
The common myeloid progenitor cell which is the early stage precursor cell firstly differentiates into a granulocyte/macrophage cell, subsequently dendritic cell, granulocyte formation; monocyte macrophage cells are included in a range of differentiation stages in natural immunity
The combination of neutrophils, thrombocytes, and lymphocytes, which are host inflammation markers, is determined as an independent prognostic factor in different malignancies.[4,5]. It has been found in several research studies that C-reactive protein (CRP), albumin level, neutrophil---lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are related to stages of cancers and they are thought to be the result of an immune response that cancer cells cause.4---10

Summary

Introduction

It has been reported that a high preoperative neutrophil---lymphocyte ratio and platelet---lymphocyte ratio may be related to increased recurrence risk, tumor aggressiveness, and worsened prognosis in various malignancies. Results: The average neutrophil---lymphocyte ratio values of malignant parotid tumor, benign parotid tumor, healthy control groups were 2.51, 2.01, 1.79 respectively and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001). Neutrophils and thrombocytes provide angiogenic, epithelial, and stromal growth factors that cause tumor progression.[2,3] the combination of neutrophils, thrombocytes, and lymphocytes, which are host inflammation markers, is determined as an independent prognostic factor in different malignancies.[4,5] It has been found in several research studies that C-reactive protein (CRP), albumin level, neutrophil---lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are related to stages of cancers and they are thought to be the result of an immune response that cancer cells cause.4---10. Neutrophils and thrombocytes provide angiogenic, epithelial, and stromal growth factors that cause tumor progression.[2,3] the combination of neutrophils, thrombocytes, and lymphocytes, which are host inflammation markers, is determined as an independent prognostic factor in different malignancies.[4,5] It has been found in several research studies that C-reactive protein (CRP), albumin level, neutrophil---lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are related to stages of cancers and they are thought to be the result of an immune response that cancer cells cause.4---10 At the present time it is assumed that the host’s inflammatory reaction against tumor and inflammation caused indirectly by tumor increase angiogenesis, harm DNA, and ease tumor and metastasis proliferation by preventing apoptosis.[11]

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