Increased larval planktonic duration and post‑recruitment competition influence survival and growth of the bryozoan Watersipora subtorquata

Abstract

MEPS Marine Ecology Progress Series Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout the JournalEditorsTheme Sections MEPS 531:179-191 (2015) - DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/meps11339 Increased larval planktonic duration and post‑recruitment competition influence survival and growth of the bryozoan Watersipora subtorquata Michael A. Sams1,2,*, Fletcher Warren-Myers1, Michael J. Keough1 1Department of Zoology, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia 2School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4067, Australia *Corresponding author: m.sams@uq.edu.au ABSTRACT: For organisms with complex life cycles, longer time spent in the plankton by dispersing propagules can cause reduced survival, growth and fecundity, which could alter interactions between neighbours in the post-dispersal environment. We compared post-settlement performance of bryozoan Watersipora subtorquata colonies that developed from larvae of different natural and experimental planktonic durations over ca. 15 wk of colony growth. Settlers were situated either near established adults of the ascidian Botrylloides leachii or without competition. Increased larval planktonic durations reduced colony growth in the absence of competition; colonies that developed from longer or delayed larval durations were 2 to 3 times smaller than those that developed from shorter durations. Colonies that developed from longer larval periods (natural or experimental) also experienced higher mortality (75 to 100%) than those that settled quickly (20 to 42%), but these effects varied between experiments and seasons. In winter, W. subtorquata colonies of longer larval planktonic durations experienced greater mortality when adjacent to established B. leachii, whereas differences in colony growth due to planktonic duration were reduced by adjacent B. leachii. The influence of B. leachii varied between experiments in different seasons, however, and did not alter colony performance in summer. Our findings demonstrate that while increased larval planktonic duration can be costly for post-dispersal growth and survival, some differences can be mediated by species interactions and environmental variability. This suggests that while connectivity among populations that take longer to disperse may be limited, it may also be influenced in complex ways by the post-recruitment environment and not simply dispersal duration. KEY WORDS: Larval dispersal · Planktonic duration · Competition · Marine bryozoan · Post-settlement · Watersipora Full text in pdf format Supplementary material 1Supplementary material 2 PreviousNextCite this article as: Sams MA, Warren-Myers F, Keough MJ (2015) Increased larval planktonic duration and post‑recruitment competition influence survival and growth of the bryozoan Watersipora subtorquata . Mar Ecol Prog Ser 531:179-191. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps11339 Export citation RSS - Facebook - Tweet - linkedIn Cited by Published in MEPS Vol. 531. Online publication date: July 02, 2015 Print ISSN: 0171-8630; Online ISSN: 1616-1599 Copyright © 2015 Inter-Research.