Increased IL-6 Levels in Peri-Implant Crevicular Fluid Correlate with Peri-Implantitis

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the level of IL-6 in periimplant crevicular fluid (PICF) and peri-implant conditions. Sixty-six implants were categorized into three different groups of peri-implantitis (PI), peri-implant mucositis (MI) and healthy implants (HI) based on the clinical parameters. IL-6 concentrations in PICF were detected by ELISA. The differences among HI (1.74 ± 1.66ng/ml), MI (5.53 ± 1.57ng/ml) and PI (9.36 ± 5.56ng/ml) were statistically significant (p<0.05). IL-6 level in the PICF was significantly (p<0.01) associated with plaque index (r=0.406), gingival index (r=0.610), probing depth (r=0.631) and bone loss (r=0.491). When the threshold for a positive IL-6 test was set 6.0ng/ml, a sensitivity=0.750 and a specificity=0.862 were found in the detection of peri-implants. The positive predictive value was 42.8% and negative predictive value was 96.2%. These results suggest that the levels of IL-6 in PICF may be a promising marker for peri-implant inflammation.