Abstract
Heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) has been found to be related to tumorigenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression pattern and clinical significance of HSP27 in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The expression of HSP27 in tissues was examined by immunohistochemistry and serum level of HSP27 mRNA was detected by real-time PCR. The survival analysis was performed by a Kaplan Meier method and the estimation of risk factors was determined by the multiple regression analysis. The expression of HSP27 was increased in lung cancer tissues (p < 0.001) and serum (p < 0.001) of NSCLC patients and higher HSP27 in lung cancer tissues and serum of NSCLC patients was associated with poorly differentiated cancer (p < 0.001; p = 0.035), lymphatic metastasis (p < 0.001; p < 0.001), advanced TNM stage (p < 0.001; p < 0.001). And the levels of HSP27 in tissues and serum of lung cancer patients had a certain positive correlation (p = 0.046). Moreover, increased HSP27 expression correlated with shorter survival of NSCLC patients (p < 0.001). The results suggest that HSP27 may serve as a potential biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis of NSCLC.
Highlights
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in men and women in China accounting for approximately 32% of total cancer deaths in 2015 despite comprising only ~25% of new cancer cases[1]
The immunohistochemistry (IHC) method was employed to detect the expression of Heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) in lung cancer tissues and cancer adjacent normal tissues of 76 non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients
We found that the overexpression of HSP27 appeared to be an important independent risk factor correlated with poor prognosis of NSCLC patients, which suggests that the NSCLC patients with higher expression of HSP27 (24.3± 5.7 months) have a shorter survival time compared with patients with the low expression of HSP27 (42.4 ± 9.3 months)
Summary
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in men and women in China accounting for approximately 32% of total cancer deaths in 2015 despite comprising only ~25% of new cancer cases[1]. Decades of research have contributed to our understanding that NSCLC is a multi-step process involving genetic and protein alterations which transforms normal lung epithelial cells into lung cancer[2]. It is commonly understood that an early detection of NSCLC leads to a better chance for reducing the mortality and morbidity. The advent of new and emerging molecular, genetic, and imaging technologies has broadened the possible strategies for early detection and prevention of NSCLC3. We have identified the up-regulation of HSP27 in NSCLC tissues compared with the normal lung tissues using laser capture microdissection combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Compared with cells, investigating on the HSP27 expression in serum and tissues in NSCLC is still lacking. We tested the expression levels of HSP27 in tissues and serum of patients with NSCLC, disclosed the relationship between HSP27 and clinical parameters of NSCLC and assessed its value in discerning NSCLC
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