Increased frequency of cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14+) monocytes expressing interleukin 1 beta (IL‐1β) in Alzheimer's disease patients and intermediate levels in late‐onset depression patients

Abstract

Depression might be a prodromal stage of dementia. Many factors contribute to the etiology of depression and dementia, being inflammation one of those. The present work measured and analyzed immune molecules involved in the innate immunity on cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14+) monocytes trying to investigate any relationship among late-onset depression (LOD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Immune molecules were evaluated in monocytes of AD, LOD patients, and controls using flow cytometry. Interestingly, interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) expressing CD14+ monocytes were increased in AD patients compared with controls. LOD presented intermediate frequency of CD14+ monocytes expressing IL-1β between controls and AD patients. Results suggest that an increased frequency of CD14+ monocytes expressing IL-1β level could be a stage marker related to the pathophysiology of dementia process between normal aging and AD.