Abstract
Background: The retinoblastoma (Rb) pathway, which governs cell cycle progression, is frequently genetically altered in cancer, causing deregulated expression of the E2F-1 transcription factor, which promotes DNA synthesis and cell...
Highlights
The retinoblastoma (Rb) pathway, which governs cell cycle progression, is frequently genetically altered in cancer, causing deregulated expression of the E2F-1 transcription factor, which promotes DNA synthesis and cell cycle progression
E2F-1 status and its association with the clinicopathological parameters E2F-1 was expressed both in normal squamous epithelium and oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC)
We found that E2F-1 expression was higher in OSCC than in the corresponding adjacent non-tumorous squamous epithelium, and tumours with high E2F-1 positivity had significantly higher growth indices as assessed by immunohistochemistry
Summary
The retinoblastoma (Rb) pathway, which governs cell cycle progression, is frequently genetically altered in cancer, causing deregulated expression of the E2F-1 transcription factor, which promotes DNA synthesis and cell cycle progression. Methods: This study analysed the association of E2F-1 with tumour cell proliferation and apoptosis and the upstream regulators modulating these processes, and its impact on patient outcome. Tumour cell proliferation and apoptosis were assessed as percentage of MIB-1 positive or apoptotic cells (MIB-1 labelling index (MI) and apoptotic index (AI)), respectively. Patients with high MI, low AI, or high E2F-1 positivity had significantly shorter recurrence free survival. High MI and low AI were independently associated with recurrence free survival, but E2F-1 was not. Conclusions: Increased cell proliferation and decreased apoptosis are associated with adverse prognosis in patients with OSCC. E2F-1 remains a controversial prognostic factor, its expression was closely associated with tumour cell proliferation and might influence clinical outcome, mainly via cell cycle progression
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