Increased bone formation around coated implants

Abstract

We hypothesized that coating threaded, sandblasted acid-etched titanium implants with collagen and chondroitin sulphate (CS) increases bone formation and implant stability, compared with uncoated controls. Three different implant surface conditions were applied: (1) sandblasted acid-etched (control), (2) collagen/chondroitin sulphate (low-dose--CS1), (3) collagen/chondroitin sulphate (high-dose--CS2). Sixty 9.5 mm experimental implants were placed in the mandible of 20 minipigs. Bone-implant contact (BIC) and relative peri-implant bone-volume density (rBVD--relation to bone-volume density of the host bone) were assessed after 1 and 2 months of submerged healing. Implant stability was measured by resonance frequency analysis (RFA). After 1 month, coated implants had significantly more BIC compared with controls (CS1: 68%, p<0.0001, CS2: 63%, p=0.009, control: 52%). The rBVD was lower for all surface conditions, compared with the hostbone. After 2 months, BIC increased for all surfaces. No significant differences were measured (CS1: 71%, p=0.016, CS2: 68%, p=0.67, control: 63%). The rBVD was increased for coated implants. RFA values were 71-77 at implantation, 67-73 after 1 month and 74-75 after 2 months. Differences in rBVD and RFA were not statistically significant. Data analysis suggests that collagen/CS has a positive influence on bone formation after 1 month of endosseous healing.