Abstract
The results of this study demonstrate that resistance compensation can providesignificant improvement in the charging rate, and consequent actuation strainrate, for carbon nanotube sheets operated in an organic electrolyte. Thestrain rate increased with increasing potential pulse amplitude and a morenegative potential limit. The amount of strain produced also increasedwith longer pulse times. The highest strain rate achieved was 0.6% s−1,producing a strain amplitude of 0.3% in 0.5 s. This performance is significantlybetter than previously reported. The improvements in strain rate are somewhatoffset when large negative potential limits are used due to the introductionof faradaic reactions in the electrolyte medium that do not contributeto actuation. Efficiency of operation is, therefore, reduced under suchconditions. Some slight differences were observed between the actuatorresponses for the negative and positive pulses, which are partly explained bythe basic mechanism of actuation and partly by instrumental effects.
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