Abstract
Purpose. Reducing the duration and cost of procedures for environmental diagnostics of diesel power plants by increasing the speed of measurements of normalizedРM index – average operating emissions of particulate matters with exhaust gases of diesel engines. Methods. Analysis and synthesis of information, mathematical modeling, experimental studies, calculation experiment. Results.In accordance with the requirements of the international standard ISO 8178, a method of accelerated measurement (МАМ) of the PMindex is proposed, which is characterized by the maximum allowable sample filtration rate and the minimum allowable masses of particulate matter in the filters, the use of which can significantly improve the economic efficiency of applying microtunnels: with single- and multi-filter sampling methods - in 3,1 ... 4,1 times and in 5,3 ... 7,1 times, respectively. Conclusions. Compared to the most common methods of control of particulate matter emissions that are realized in mini and microtunnels of Perkins, AVL, Mitsubishicompanies, they are characterized by higher speed and economic efficiency of use - indicators that are of great importance in testing high-power diesel engines –locomotive diesel, ships and others. It is substantiated that the use of МАМ allows to shorten the duration and cost of environmental testing of mainline diesel engines - 2TE116 and shunting - TEM-2 locomotives: certification tests - by 9 ... 28%, which is 0.2 ... 0.7 h and 0, 8 ... 1,5 thousand UAH; research tests - 43 ... 53%, which is 1.7 ... 3.0 h and 4.0 ... 7.5 thousand UAH. With the reduction of the actual emission levels of particulate matter with the exhaust gases of the diesel engine, the efficiency of the use of МАМ increases.
Highlights
The process of ecologization of transport of normalized engine operating modes [3]
Investigations of theexpediency of using MAM were conducted on the basis of the results of environmental tests of the mainline 2TE116 and shunting − TEM-2 diesel locomotives equipped with diesel engines 1A5D49 and PD1M, respectively [10, 11]
The results of the research prove the cost-effectiveness of using MAM at railway transport, as well as in other industries where diesel plantswhich are characterized by significant fuel consumptions are used (Figures 3, 4)
Summary
The process of ecologization of transport of normalized engine operating modes [3]. At internal combustion engines is characterized by each mode sampling of pollutants for analysis is the phased introduction ofthe value of the carried out. Application of this method allows to reduce the time expenditure on PM sampling: at the SF method − 3,1 ... Ctest corresponding to the procedure for determining PM index to the corresponding quantities conformto the procedure of determining GASx indicators
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