Abstract
Objective: We investigated quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) and clinical parameters as potential risk factors of severe cognitive decline in Parkinson’s disease.Methods: We prospectively investigated 37 patients with Parkinson’s disease at baseline and follow-up (after 3 years). Patients had no severe cognitive impairment at baseline. We used a summary score of cognitive tests as the outcome at follow-up. At baseline we assessed motor, cognitive, and psychiatric factors; qEEG variables [global relative median power (GRMP) spectra] were obtained by a fully automated processing of high-resolution EEG (256-channels). We used linear regression models with calculation of the explained variance to evaluate the relation of baseline parameters with cognitive deterioration.Results: The following baseline parameters significantly predicted severe cognitive decline: GRMP theta (4–8 Hz), cognitive task performance in executive functions and working memory.Conclusions: Combination of neurocognitive tests and qEEG improves identification of patients with higher risk of cognitive decline in PD.
Highlights
The progression of Parkinson’s disease (PD) is associated with cognitive decline and dementia (Aarsland et al, 2005; Goldman et al, 2012)
We investigated quantitative electroencephalography and clinical parameters as potential risk factors of severe cognitive decline in Parkinson’s disease
And correct identification of the patients with the risk of severe cognitive decline is a challenging problem of neurology, which has led to the suggestion of various markers of cognitive decline in PD (Mollenhauer et al, 2014)
Summary
The progression of Parkinson’s disease (PD) is associated with cognitive decline and dementia (Aarsland et al, 2005; Goldman et al, 2012). The risk of dementia is about 80% for the patients living for more than 20 years with PD (Hely et al, 2008). Quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) – digital processing of EEG recordings to obtain numerical and graphical data – showed that the power (the square of amplitudes of electrical activity) of the brain in PD patients with cognitive impairment is increased in the frequency range below 8 Hz, and decreased in the range above 8 Hz (Caviness et al, 2007; Fonseca et al, 2009; Babiloni et al, 2011).
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