Abstract
The increased use of personal private devices (PPDs) is drawing greater attention to the effects of continuous-wave interference (CWI) on the performance of global positioning system (GPS) receivers. The effective carrier-to-noise density ratio (C/N0), an essential index of GNSS receiver performance, is studied in this paper. Receiver tracking performance deteriorates in the presence of interference. Hence, the effective C/N0, which measures tracking performance, decreases. However, simulations and bench tests have shown that the effective C/N0 may increase in the presence of CWI. The reason is that a sinusoidal signal is induced by the CWI in the correlator and may be tracked by the carrier tracking loop. Thus, the effective carrier power depends on the power of the signal induced by the CWI, and the effective C/N0 increases with the power of the CWI. The filtering of the CWI in the carrier tracking loop correlator and its effect on the phase locked loop (PLL) tracking performance are analyzed. A mathematical model of the effect of the CWI on the effective C/N0 is derived. Simulation results show that the proposed model is more accurate than existing models, especially when the jam-to-signal ratio (JSR) is greater than 30 dBc.
Highlights
In global position system (GPS), understanding the effects of interference is important for conducting threat assessments, mitigation research and selecting ground control sites
The results obtained with (24) were significantly different from those obtained with the proposed model. The reason for this difference is that when the power of the continuous-wave interference (CWI) signal is stronger than that of the navigation signal, the phase locked loop (PLL) tracks the filtered CWI signal
Numerical Results of proposed model Simulation Results was large (η >> 1), the effective C/N0 estimated with the model in [15] decreased as the jam-to-signal ratio (JSR) increased, which was the opposite of the behavior of the proposed model
Summary
In global position system (GPS), understanding the effects of interference is important for conducting threat assessments, mitigation research and selecting ground control sites. Assessments of the effects of interference usually focus on indexes such as the post-correlation effective carrier-to-noise density ratio (C/N0) and the code tracking error [1,2,3,4]. The effective C/N0 has been investigated in many studies because it is used in assessing interference effects on acquisition, carrier tracking and data demodulation in receivers [5,6,7]. Bek et al conducted mathematical analyses of pulse interference on the effective C/N0 in GPS receivers [8]. Omar derived measures of the code tracking error in receivers using time-domain blanking and frequency-domain adaptive filtering [9]
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