INCREASE IN THE ELECTROMAGNETIC MOMENT OF A SUPERMINIATURE ELECTRIC MOTOR EXCITED BY RARE EARTH PERMANENT MAGNETS

Abstract

The article is devoted to improving the energy and performance characteristics of superminiature electric motors, which are widely used in modern devices of robotics and mechanotronics. With the development of digital and Autonomous robotic systems, the tasks of improving the efficiency of Executive micromechanisms that affect the functionality and duration of work in offline mode have become particularly relevant. Traditional design and technological solutions used in higher-power electric machines are not scalable to the field of superminiature electric machines. Domestic and foreign developers offer various design options and manufacturing technologies. The key design feature of the electric motor under consideration is a glass stator made by polycapillary fiber technology and an excitation system from rare-earth permanent magnets. In the wall of the glass case, holes are evenly distributed around the circumference, in which the control winding is laid. The motor excitation system is a two-pole permanent magnet located on the rotating rotor shaft. The purpose of the research is to determine the effect of changing the design of the excitation system by changing the location of the magnetic poles. The research uses software that simulates the electromagnetic field using the finite element method. In the course of research, it was found that a decrease in the body of a permanent magnet leads to a decrease in the electromagnetic moment, which is not compensated by a decrease in edge effects at the boundary of the poles of the magnet. However, an increase in the value of the maximum magnetic induction in the air gap allows us to conclude that edge effects at the pole boundary have a significant effect on reducing the energy characteristics of superminiature micromachines. Thus, the solutions proposed in this paper are not sufficient to increase the efficiency of the engine, but the data obtained indicate the need to reduce the edge effects of permanent magnets.