Increase in pea productivity associated with irrigation management

Fernando F Cunha,Osvaldir F Santos,Aguinaldo Jf Leal,Tiago L Taira,Epitácio J Souza

doi:10.1590/s0102-053620180205

Abstract

ABSTRACT Proper irrigation management is crucial to obtain high yields of pea, since its cultivation is recommended in cold and dry seasons. Taking into account the great genetic diversity, we considered necessary to evaluate cultivars which best adapt to the intrinsic conditions of Cerrado Region, as it presents low fertility soil, long dry period in the winter, drought periods (veranicos) in rainy season, mainly in January and February (summer). Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate adaptability of green-pea cultivars under different irrigation depths in Northeast Region of state of Mato Grosso do Sul. The experiment was installed in a split plot scheme, with four irrigation depths [50, 75, 100 and 125% of crop evapotranspiration (ETc)] and at subplots, four pea cultivars (Forró, Frevo, Pagode and Samba) in a randomized block design with three replications. Pod length, number and mass of grains per pod, number of pods per plant, plant length, productivity and efficiency of water use were evaluated. Excess water supply (water stress) or shortage (water deficit) can cause decrease in the productivity of pea crop for green grains, considering replacement of 114.81% of Etc, the most recommended for the crop. Cultivar Forró, showed the best productive performance in relation to other cultivars, in the climatic conditions of Southern Cerrado (Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil).

Highlights

O manejo adequado da irrigação é crucial para obtenção de elevados rendimentos da ervilha, pois seu cultivo é recomendado em épocas frias e secas
Through continuous selection over time, pea allowed the development of several cultivars adapted to different soil and climatic conditions (Smýkal et al, 2012), which was necessary due to constant threat of biotic or abiotic stresses on the crop (Jain et al, 2014)
The climate of the region is humid tropical, maximum and minimum temperatures of 33.2 and 3.3°C, respectively; maximum and minimum relative humidity 99 and 11% and rainfall of 167.8 mm during the experimental period. These data were collected at meteorological station of National Institute of Meteorology (INMET) installed at a distance of 3.84 km, measuring 12 m between horizontal and vertical distances, respectively

Summary

Introduction

O manejo adequado da irrigação é crucial para obtenção de elevados rendimentos da ervilha, pois seu cultivo é recomendado em épocas frias e secas. A cultivar Forró, apresentou melhor desempenho produtivo em relação às demais cultivares, nas condições climáticas da região do Cerrado sul-mato-grossense. Vegetable cultivation requires high investment per hectare and this is considered one of the agricultural activities which presents the greatest cost, with the highest level of financial risk. Choosing pea cultivars, which are most adapted to climate and type of soil of a region, allows an increase in crop productivity. Through continuous selection over time, pea allowed the development of several cultivars adapted to different soil and climatic conditions (Smýkal et al, 2012), which was necessary due to constant threat of biotic or abiotic stresses on the crop (Jain et al, 2014)

Objectives

Methods

Results