Increase in Intra-Ocular Pressure after Intravitreal Triamcinolone Acetonide in Non-Diabetics and Diabetic Patients

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this research study was to find out the occurrence of raised IOP (Intra-ocular Pressure) following IVTA (Intra-vitreal Triamcinolone Acetonide) in the patients of diabetes and non-diabetics subjects suffering from different chorio-retinal complications. Methodology: This study was conducted in Benazir Bhutto Shaheed Teaching Hospital Abbottabad and the duration of this study was from May 2019 to April 2021. Total 237 eyes of one hundred and eighty patients were recruited with ninety patients in groups: diabetics & non-diabetics patient groups, in need of IVTA. We injected the IVTA 4.0mg/0.10 milliliter and measured the IOP at 7 days, one month, 3 months and 6 months in the patients of both groups. Results: In the group of diabetics, there were 47.80% (n: 43) males and 52.20% (n: 47) female patients, whereas in the group of non-diabetics, there were 62.20% (n: 56) male and 37.80% (n: 34) female patients. The average age of the patients in the 1st group was 52.21±9.60 years and in the patients of 2nd group was 51.13±10.75 years. Average pre-operative IOP was approximately 3.60±2.80mmHg and 14.10±2.40mmHg in first and second group correspondingly. In the patients of first group, average IOP with standard deviation was 16.40±4.90mmHg, 14.60±3.60mmHg, 17.60±9.70mmHg and 15.50±7.09mmHg at 7 days, one month, 3 months and 6 months after the injection. Whereas in the patients of second group, average IOP with standard deviation was 14.80±3.33mmHg, 15.90±4.2mmHg, 15.50±4.20 mmHg and 14.10±3.20mmHg at 7 days, one month, 3 months and 6 months during the follow up period. We observed an increase in one hundred and seventeen eyes (49.0%) in the patients of both groups, with 65.0% (n: 78) eyes in first group and 33.0% (n: 39) eyes in the patients of second group. Conclusions: After injecting the IVTA, there was a clear high rise in the level of IOP in the patients of diabetes as compared to the patients who were non-diabetics. Keywords: IVTA, IOP, complications, injection, standard deviation, average, mmHg, treatment.