INCREASE IN EFFECTIVE FLUORESCENCE LIFETIME BY CROSS-RELAXATION EFFECT DEPENDING ON TEMPERATURE OF Nd/Cr:YAG CERAMIC USING WHITE-LIGHT PUMP SOURCE

Abstract

An increase in the effective fluorescence lifetime of Nd/Cr:YAG ceramics with temperature dependence was observed. The dependence on the doped Cr ion density for the increased effective fluorescence lifetime was also investigated. The effective lifetime of fluorescence in the ceramics increased from 1.1 to 1.8 ms owing to the phonon-assist cross-relaxation induced by the excited Cr ions, which is commonly observed in Tm:YAG or glass lasers. The increase in effective fluorescence lifetime can be explained by spontaneous emissions occurring from the excited Nd ions and excitations of the Nd ions from the lower level to the upper level at the same time. Additionally, an experiment for laser oscillations with the temperature of the laser material controlled was performed, and a remarkable increase of the output laser energy owing to cross-relaxation was observed when the temperature increased. The obtained maximum laser energy output was near twice that without cross-relaxation. The ceramics are considered promising lamp- or solar-pumped solid-laser materials owing to the efficient laser action based on this cross-relaxation.