Abstract
Although inactivated vaccines against rabies have the advantage of high safety, effective protection against rabies virus (RABV) infection often requires multiple, high-dose immunization. Incorporating a molecular adjuvant into the viral particles has been found to be a useful strategy to promote the immune effectiveness of inactivated vaccines. In this study, we constructed a recombinant virus, rCVS11-LTB, which chimerically expresses a molecular adjuvant heat-labile enterotoxin B subunit (LTB) protein on the surface of the RABV particles. Immunogenicity in vivo was found to be promoted by rCVS11-LTB through the activation of dendritic cells (DCs). Our results demonstrated that inactivated rCVS11-LTB was able to induce higher levels of virus-neutralizing antibodies (VNAs) in both mice and dogs than the parent virus rCVS11, to enhance the cellular immune response and T cell immune memory in mice, and was also able to provide 100% protection in mice from lethal doses of rabies virus, indicating its potential as a safe and effective inactivated rabies vaccine candidate.
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