Abstract
A large group of low molecular weight natural compounds that exhibit antimicrobial activity has been isolated from animals and plants during the past two decades. Among them, peptides are the most widespread resulting in a new generation of antimicrobial agents with higher specific activity. In the present study we have developed a new strategy to obtain antimicrobial wound-dressings based on the incorporation of antimicrobial peptides into polyelectrolyte multilayer films built by the alternate deposition of polycation (chitosan) and polyanion (alginic acid sodium salt) over cotton gauzes. Energy dispersive X ray microanalysis technique was used to determine if antimicrobial peptides penetrated within the films. FTIR analysis was performed to assess the chemical linkages, and antimicrobial assays were performed with two strains: Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive bacterium) and Klebsiella pneumonia (Gram-negative bacterium). Results showed that all antimicrobial peptides used in this work have provided a higher antimicrobial effect (in the range of 4log–6log reduction) for both microorganisms, in comparison with the controls, and are non-cytotoxic to normal human dermal fibroblasts at the concentrations tested.
Highlights
Several authors found that there was a significant absorption of antibiotic, when it is placed directly on the wound as a cream, which may increase the risk of cytotoxicity of the treated tissues, because in this case excessive amounts that can be used and it is difficult to control the optimal amount of cream. (Boosalis, McCall, Ahrenholz, Solem, & McClain, 1987; Mi et al, 2002; Wang, Wang, Zhang, Zapatasirvent, & Davies, 1985)
These results suggest that cotton gauze with Cys-LC-LL-37 and with Magainin 1 can be successfully incorporated into layers of CH/ALG and could be used for wound healing applications with minimal cytotoxicity to the surrounding tissue
Dermaseptin has a level of faster release. hBD1, -Defensin 1, and Cys-LC-LL-37 both have a gradual level of release over time
Summary
Several authors found that there was a significant absorption of antibiotic, when it is placed directly on the wound as a cream, which may increase the risk of cytotoxicity of the treated tissues, because in this case excessive amounts that can be used and it is difficult to control the optimal amount of cream. (Boosalis, McCall, Ahrenholz, Solem, & McClain, 1987; Mi et al, 2002; Wang, Wang, Zhang, Zapatasirvent, & Davies, 1985). Common topical antibiotics include mupirocin (Rode, Hanslo, Dewet, Millar, & Cywes, 1989), neosporin (Sinha, Agarwal, & Agarwal, 1997) and tetracycline (Kumar, Bai, & Krishnan, 2004). These antibiotics are ineffective when resistant bacteria colonize the wound (Cookson, 1998; Hetem & Bonten, 2013). It is important that slow release of antimicrobial agent from wound dressing have the advantage of treating infected wounds in a mild way (Elsner, Berdicevsky, & Zilberman, 2011; Kostenko, Lyczak, Turner, & Martinuzzi, 2010)
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