Incontinência urinária no puerpério de parto vaginal e cesárea: revisão de literatura

Abstract

Objective: The present study aimed to review the literature regarding the presence of incontinence (UI) in postpartum of delivery and section. Materials and Methods: A survey was conducted in the databases PubMed/Medline, COCHRANE and EMBASE, which were selected the following types of study: prospective multicenter study, case-control, prospective study, cohort study, prospective observational multicenter study, randomized controlled study, prospective observational study, cohort study controlled, cross-sectional, population-based, published in the period 2002-2012, in english and portuguese, where the keywords were in the title or abstract. The keywords used are: vaginal cesarean and urinary incontinence. Results: The 14 studies analyzed evaluated the presence of UI in postpartum of delivery and cesarean. We observed that section to have your protective role in the appearance of the UI in the puerperium must be performed electively. The pelvic floor disorders are linked with maternal age, smoking, obesity, forceps, multiparity, episiotomy, second stage of labor, pregnancy and chronic constipation. Conclusions: It is concluded that prolonged second stage of labor has a significant role in the presence of UI in the puerperium in both modes of delivery, and section would have its protective value in the development of UI puerperal only if performed electively. Of the 14 selected articles, only one study was conducted in the brazilian population, showing the importance of further studies on UI postpartum in Brazil.