Abstract
Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) was applied to elucidate the relationship between the three-dimensional (3D) root surface area (RSA) and two-dimensional (2D) crown-to-root ratio (CRR) of extracted teeth to classify the periodontitis and assign a periodontal/prosthetic prognosis. A total of 31 maxillary and 35 mandibular single-rooted human premolars were examined. The amount of periodontal support on the basis of 3D RSA and 2D root length (RL) at CRRs of 1:1, 5:4, 3:2, and 2:1 were analyzed. Both maxillary and mandibular premolars demonstrated a nonsignificant RSA percentage at the evaluated CRRs. The coronal 21%–22% 2D RL and the 26%–28% 3D RSA bone loss apical to the cemento-enamel junction corresponded to a CRR of 1:1, relating to mild-moderate periodontitis. The coronal 30%–31% 2D RL and the 41%–42% 3D RSA bone loss corresponded to a CRR of 5:4, correlating to severe periodontitis. More severe clinical attachment loss (CAL) was observed in the 3D RSA measurement than in the 2D RL measurement at the evaluated CRRs. The amount of CAL at the CRR of 1:1 was inadequate to assess the severity of periodontitis on the basis of the 2D RL and 3D RSA measurements.
Highlights
Micro-computed tomography has been used to support the clinical findings of dental investigations[15,16,17,18,19]
We hypothesized that the corresponding amounts of periodontal bone support at the evaluated crown-to-root ratio (CRR) based on the 3D root surface area (RSA) measurement are different from those based on the 2D root length (RL) measurement
Based on 2D RL and AAP aspects, depending on whether radiographic bone loss is analyzed as a percentage or in terms of millimeters and on whether 1.0 mm connective tissue attachment (CTA) is included, a CRR of 1:1 corresponds to mild to moderate periodontitis, a CRR of 5:4 corresponds to moderate periodontitis, and CRRs of ≥3:2 correspond to severe periodontitis
Summary
Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT, SkyScan, Bruker, Kontich, Belgium) has been used to support the clinical findings of dental investigations[15,16,17,18,19]. We hypothesized that the corresponding amounts of periodontal bone support at the evaluated CRRs based on the 3D RSA measurement are different from those based on the 2D root length (RL) measurement. The purpose of this study was to apply a micro-CT to scan extracted human single-rooted premolars and measure the 3D RSAs at the evaluated linear CRRs levels and to decide if the amount and ratio of the measured 3D RSAs were comparable to those assessed on the basis of 2D RL at same CRRs. The amount of clinical attachment loss (CAL), corresponding to 2D RL measurements, has been applied to diagnose the severity of periodontitis[13]. The 3D RSA and 2D RL ratios of CALs representing mild, moderate, and severe periodontitis were analyzed. The prognostic values of CRR in periodontal and prosthetic appraisals in accordance with the 3D RSA and 2D RL ratios were surveyed and discussed
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