Abstract
Smoothed particle hydrodynamics using artificial compressibility (ACSPH) is developed, with the inclusion of pressure smoothing terms. Theoretical links between pressure/velocity correction incompressible SPH and artificial compressibility are explored, illustrating that ACSPH may be considered an extension of, or closely related to, the δ-SPH method. An implicit dual-time integration procedure is used to enforce an incompressible solution at every time-step, removing acoustic effects arising from the common assumption of weak compressibility. An established weakly-compressible quasi-Lagrangian δ-SPH method is used for comparison against ACSPH, and a series of test cases show that ACSPH provides a similar solution cost to δ-SPH. However, the residual acoustic effects in δ-SPH are removed entirely in ACSPH, providing improved pressure prediction capabilities across all test cases, including intense fluid impacts. Improved modelling of fluid–structure-interaction cases and coupled energy dissipation are also recorded as a result of correctly capturing incompressible flow.
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