Abstract
Objective:This study evaluated the effects of root canal obturation employing lateral compaction technique and spreader load of 1.5 kg on the incidence of complete (CVRF) or incomplete vertical root fractures (IVRF). Material and Methods: Twenty-seven distal roots of extracted human mandibular molars were used. All root canals were prepared by biomechanical step-back technique and obturated by lateral compaction technique. The prepared roots were distributed into two groups: G1- experimental (n=17) and G2- control (n=10). During obturation, load of 1.5 kg was applied to a size 30 finger spreader. Pre- and post-obturation images of the coronal portion of the roots were captured by inverted digital microscopy and analyzed by one trained examiner. Data were evaluated by Fisher’s test (p < 0.05) using GrapH Pad Prism 5.0. Results: No roots exhibited CVRF. All fractures observed before and after obturation were IVRF or “other defects”. In G2 (control group), there was no increase of IVRF number. Interestingly, G1 presented an increase in the IVRF number to 70,59% in the 12 teeth out of 17 teeth studied. The statistical analysis showed that the mean of IVRF increased significantly in G1 when compared to G2 (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The application of a 1.5 kg spreader load during lateral compaction technique does not produce complete vertical root fractures, but may produce incomplete fractures or “other defects”.
Highlights
Complete or incomplete vertical root fracture is frequent occurrence in endodontically treated teeth (10.9 to 20%) [1,2,3,4,5,6]
In G2 there was no increase of incomplete vertical root fractures (IVRF) number
In G1 there was an increase in the IVRF number to 70.59 % (12 teeth) of the cases (Table 1)
Summary
Complete or incomplete vertical root fracture is frequent occurrence in endodontically treated teeth (10.9 to 20%) [1,2,3,4,5,6]. In the study of Seo et al [7], out of 107 of fractured teeth, 33 (30.8%) were treated endodontically and 14 (13.1%) were diagnosed with vertical root fracture (VRF). Touré et al [8] reported the factors to extraction of 119 teeth with a root canal treatment and the VRF was found in 13.4%. These fractures are difficult to diagnose and treat [4,6,9,10,11]. VRF generally occurs as a result of trauma, root canal therapy, stress produced during post cementation [17], among other factors [4,16,18,19,20]
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