Incomplete inhibition of the pressor effects of endothelin-1 and related peptides in the anaesthetized rat with BQ-123 provides evidence for more than one vasoconstrictor receptor.

Abstract

1. The effects of the ETA receptor antagonist, BQ-123 on blood pressure changes induced by various members of the endothelin (ET)/sarafotoxin (SX) peptide superfamily were investigated in the anaesthetized rat. 2. ET-1 (1 nmol kg-1, i.v. bolus) induced a sustained increase in mean arterial pressure (MAP, maximum increase 44 +/- 3 mmHg). Intravenous injection of BQ-123 at 0.2, 1.0 or 5.0 mg kg-1 5 min before ET-1 inhibited the pressor response by 18, 50 and 61%, respectively. The ET-1 pressor response was inhibited by 75% when the peptide was given 60 min after the start of a 120 min i.v. infusion of BQ-123 (0.2 mg kg-1 min-1). 3. In addition to ET-1, BQ-123 (1 mg kg-1, i.v. bolus) attenuated the pressor responses to big ET-1 (1 nmol kg-1, i.v., bolus, maximum increase in MAP: 68 +/- 7 mmHg), ET-3 (3 nmol kg-1, i.v., bolus, maximum response: 30 +/- 3 mmHg), SX6b (1 nmol kg-1, i.v., bolus, maximum response: 41 +/- 5 mmHg) and SX6c (1 nmol kg-1, i.v., bolus, maximum response: 24 +/- 4 mmHg) by 65, 60, 88 and 50%, respectively. 4. With the exception of big ET-1, all the peptides used in this study induced an initial transient depressor response (-32 +/- 3 mmHg, n = 18). Although BQ-123 (1 mg kg-1, i.v., bolus) did not affect the absolute magnitude of the fall in MAP, the ETA receptor antagonist significantly prolonged the depressor responses induced by ET-3 and SX6b. 5. Thus, BQ-123 attenuates the pressor, but not the depressor effects of ET-1, big ET-1, ET-3, SX6b and SX6c. Complete inhibition of the pressor responses could not be achieved, suggesting that a component of the pressor response is not mediated via the ETA receptor.