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Abstract
We report x-ray reflectivity measurements on the free surface of 4-n-heptylphenyl-4'-(4''-nitrobenzoyloxy)benzoate (${\mathrm{DB}7\mathrm{NO}}_{2}$) at the nematic to smectic-A phase transition, ${T}_{\mathrm{NA}}$=99.9 \ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}C. The free surface in the nematic phase exhibits smecticlike ordering at two q vectors, one which is commensurate with the smectic-A monolayer q vector ${q}_{2}$. The other q vector is incommensurate corresponding to ordering at \ensuremath{\sim}0.59${q}_{2}$. The commensurate peak constructively interferes with the air-liquid interface while the incommensurate peak destructively interferes. These results are compared with bulk-phase x-ray scattering measurements.
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Incommensurate smectic order at the free surface in the nematic phase of \(4-n-heptylphenyl-4'-(4"-nitrobenzoyloxy)benzoate (DB7NO_2)\)
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